The early Christians lived here (from about 1000AD). Partly to protect themselves and partly to make use of very soft crumbly rock, they built into hillsides and also underground.
We have been able to view it all from a hot air balloon (amazing) and also went deep underground in a city dug five stories below the stoney surface.
Many of the man made hillside cave areas have churches, communal rooms and also graves with interconnecting tunnels or doorways.
In one photo there is a long table and a surrounding bench carved directly out of the rock where the community sat to eat.
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